How Much Can We Spend? – Class 1 Maths Chapter 12 Notes & NCERT PDF

Class 1MathematicsChapter 12NCERT book: Joyful Mathematics - Class 1

Notes and a simple summary of Chapter 12 of the NCERT Class 1 Mathematics book, with the official chapter PDF, flashcards, an MCQ quiz and an AI tutor for your doubts.

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Chapter 12: How Much Can We Spend?

Introduction

"How Much Can We Spend?" introduces money. Riya counts coins of ₹1, ₹2, ₹5 and ₹10, and Sahil counts notes of ₹10, ₹20, ₹50 and ₹100. They visit Rahim Kaka, the toy seller, and work out which toys they can buy, how to pay using different coins and notes, and how much more money they need. The chapter ends by talking about saving money in a gullak (piggy bank).

What's in this Chapter

  • Coins and notes: Look at coins and notes and write their denominations (values) – coins of ₹1, ₹2, ₹5, ₹10 and notes of ₹10, ₹20, ₹50, ₹100.
  • Rahim Kaka – The Toy Seller:

    • - One ball costs ₹20. Riya gives 4 coins of ₹5 for the ball. Sahil gives 2 notes of ₹10.

    - Name the toys you can buy for ₹10 and for ₹20.

    - A car costs ₹14 and Riya has ₹10. She needs ₹4 more.

    - Riya and Sahil together have ₹30. Which toys can they buy?

  • Find the total amount and tick the correct option.
  • Let us Play: Make paper currency notes and coins and play a shopping game with shopkeepers and customers. Pay in different combinations.
  • Different combinations: Show ₹20, ₹10, ₹13 and ₹8 using the given coins and notes.
  • Match the same amount by drawing a line.
  • Saving money is a good habit. Discuss.
  • Project: Make your own gullak with a spare box with the help of siblings or elders.

    • Key Ideas

  • Indian money is counted in rupees (₹).
  • Money comes as coins and notes of different values.
  • The same amount can be made in different ways: ₹20 = one ₹20 note = two ₹10 notes = four ₹5 coins.
  • To buy something, we compare our money with the price; if we have less, we find how much more we need.
  • Saving money is a good habit.

    • Activities from the Book

  • Sort a mixed pile of play coins and notes by value.
  • Pay for toys at a pretend shop in more than one way.
  • Show ₹13 using coins (for example, ₹10 + ₹2 + ₹1) and ₹8 (for example, ₹5 + ₹2 + ₹1).
  • Make a gullak and start saving.

    • Words to Learn

  • money – what we use to buy things (पैसा)
  • rupee (₹) – the unit of Indian money (रुपया)
  • coin – round metal money (सिक्का)
  • note – paper money (नोट)
  • cost / price – how much something is for (दाम / कीमत)
  • buy – get something by paying (खरीदना)
  • shopkeeper – a person who sells (दुकानदार)
  • save – keep for later (बचत करना)
  • gullak – piggy bank (गुल्लक)

    • Tips for Parents & Teachers

  • Let children handle real coins under supervision and name their values.
  • Play shop at home with price tags on toys and paper money.
  • Ask, "You have ₹10 and the pencil costs ₹7. Do you get money back? How much?"
  • Help the child make a gullak and count the savings every week.
  • Encourage different ways to pay the same amount rather than one fixed way.

    • Common Mistakes

  • Thinking a bigger coin always has a bigger value.
  • Counting the number of coins instead of their value (four ₹5 coins make ₹20, not ₹4).
  • Forgetting that a note and a coin can have the same value (₹10 coin and ₹10 note).

    • 💡 Key Learning Points

    • ✓Recognise coins of ₹1, ₹2, ₹5 and ₹10 and notes of ₹10, ₹20, ₹50 and ₹100.
    • ✓Make the same amount using different combinations of coins and notes.
    • ✓Decide which items can be bought with a given amount.
    • ✓Find how much more money is needed to buy an item.
    • ✓Understand that saving money is a good habit.

    👨‍🏫 Teaching Tips

    • →Show real coins and notes and let children sort them by value.
    • →Set up Rahim Kaka's toy shop with priced toys and play money.
    • →Ask children to pay the same amount in at least two different ways.
    • →Use the car problem (₹14 with only ₹10) to discuss 'how much more'.
    • →Let children make their own paper currency for the shopping game.
    • →Discuss saving and help children make a gullak.
    • →Ask children to form different combinations for a given amount, as the book suggests.

    📋 Assessment Questions

    1. Can the child name the value of each coin and note?
    2. Can the child make ₹20 in two different ways?
    3. Can the child say whether they have enough money to buy a toy?
    4. Can the child find how much more money is needed?
    5. Can the child explain why saving is useful?

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    All chapters in Joyful Mathematics - Class 1

    1. 1. Finding the Furry Cat!
    2. 2. What is Long? What is Round?
    3. 3. Mango Treat
    4. 4. Making 10
    5. 5. How Many?
    6. 6. Vegetable Farm
    7. 7. Lina's Family
    8. 8. Fun with Numbers
    9. 9. Utsav
    10. 10. How do I Spend my Day?
    11. 11. How Many Times?
    12. 12. How Much Can We Spend?
    13. 13. So Many Toys