Patterns Around Us – Class 4 Maths Chapter 3 Notes & NCERT PDF

Class 4MathematicsChapter 3NCERT book: Maths Mela - Class 4

Notes and a simple summary of Chapter 3 of the NCERT Class 4 Mathematics book, with the official chapter PDF, flashcards, an MCQ quiz and an AI tutor for your doubts.

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Chapter 3: Patterns Around Us

Introduction

This chapter shows that counting becomes easy when we see patterns and groups. Gundappa counts his coconut trees from a top view, Muniamma counts cups and sweets arranged in trays, and Shirley and Shiv arrange play money and coins in patterns. From the way coins pair up, children discover even and odd numbers.

What's in this Chapter

Let Us Count: Gundappa has land with tall coconut trees. Children count the trees from a top-view picture and explain how they counted. He plucks 5 coconuts from each tree, so children find the total by counting in groups of 5. Muniamma makes plates and cups and arranges coconut laddoos and milk peda in trays; all trays have the same arrangement, stacked one on top of the other. Children count the sweets using groups.

Patterns with money: Shirley and Shiv arrange play money in neat patterns. Children find how much money there is and discuss how they counted. They then use play money of 1, 2, 5 and 10 to show ₹36, ₹125 and ₹183.

Two ways: Shirley and Shiv arrange coins differently. Shiv arranges his coins in pairs; numbers that can be arranged fully in pairs are even numbers. Shirley's arrangement always has one coin left without a partner; these are odd numbers.

Even or odd from 1 to 20: Children sort numbers 1 to 20 as odd or even, drawing pairing pictures if needed, and check whether every number in the times-2 table is even.

Crayon arrangement: Using a crayon picture, children circle odd numbers and put a square around even numbers (for example 8, 5, 69, 36, 38, 51, 30, 22, 52, 43).

Page numbers: Shirley notices an even-odd pattern in the page numbers of her Maths book. Children explore their textbook to find it.

Reasoning tasks: Decide if 30, 78, 300, 415, 46, 67, 154 and 99 are even or odd and explain why. Make two-digit numbers from 1 and 6 (16 and 61) and say which is even. Decide whether there are more even or odd numbers between 1 and 100. Shirley notices the numbers just before and after an odd number are even; Shiv asks whether the numbers before and after an even number are odd. Children check with 10 consecutive numbers such as 20, 21, ...

Key Ideas

Grouping (in 2s, 5s, rows or trays) makes counting faster than counting one by one.

An even number of objects can be put into pairs with none left over.

An odd number of objects always leaves one without a partner.

Even and odd numbers take turns: odd, even, odd, even...

A number is even if its ones digit is 0, 2, 4, 6 or 8.

Activities from the Book

Counting trees and sweets in groups, making money patterns with play money, pairing coins to test even and odd, marking the 1-100 chart and page numbers, and checking 10 consecutive numbers.

Words to Learn

Pattern (प्रतिरूप/पैटर्न) – an arrangement that repeats in a regular way

Group (समूह)

Pair (जोड़ा) – two things together

Even number (सम संख्या) – can be split into pairs

Odd number (विषम संख्या) – one is left over when paired

Consecutive numbers (क्रमागत संख्याएँ) – numbers that come one after another

Arrangement (व्यवस्था)

Tray (थाली/ट्रे)

Tips for Parents & Teachers

Give the child a handful of buttons or beans and ask them to make pairs. Is one left over?

Look at house numbers on one side of a street; are they all odd or all even?

Count spoons, chappals or eggs in a tray by groups instead of one by one.

Let the child use real coins to make ₹36 in different ways.

Common Mistakes

Thinking a big number like 415 must be even because it is large; only the ones digit decides.

Counting a pattern one by one and losing track instead of using groups.

Saying 0 in the ones place makes a number odd; 30 and 300 are even.

Believing both neighbours of an even number are even; they are both odd.

💡 Key Learning Points

✓Arranging objects in groups and patterns makes counting quicker.
✓Numbers that can be arranged fully in pairs are even numbers.
✓Numbers that leave one object without a pair are odd numbers.
✓Odd and even numbers alternate on the number line.
✓The ones digit tells whether a number is odd or even.

👨‍🏫 Teaching Tips

→Start with real coconuts, sweets or counters arranged in trays and ask children to count in groups.
→Use play money to make the amounts ₹36, ₹125 and ₹183 in more than one way.
→Give each child a small pile of counters to pair up, then record 'odd' or 'even' on the board.
→Colour a 1-100 chart with even numbers in one colour to show the pattern.
→Ask children to check the page numbers of their book: left and right pages.
→Discuss Shirley's and Shiv's claims about neighbours of odd and even numbers using consecutive numbers.

📋 Assessment Questions

Can the child count a set of objects arranged in trays or rows using grouping?
Can the child explain with a pairing picture why a number is odd or even?
Can the child classify numbers such as 78, 415, 154 and 99 as odd or even?
Can the child say what kind of numbers come just before and after an even number?

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