Double Century – Class 3 Maths Chapter 3 Notes & NCERT PDF

Class 3MathematicsChapter 3NCERT book: Maths Mela - Class 3

Notes and a simple summary of Chapter 3 of the NCERT Class 3 Mathematics book, with the official chapter PDF, flashcards, an MCQ quiz and an AI tutor for your doubts.

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Chapter 3: Double Century

Introduction

Double Century takes children from numbers up to 100 to numbers up to 200. It opens with The Story of Our Numbers: tens of thousands of years ago people made marks on cave walls and tree bark to keep records, and later counted in groups of 5, 10, 20 and 60. Thousands of years ago, ancient Indians created a way to write any number, however large, with only ten symbols: 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9. The book calls this one of the most creative inventions in human history, and says the symbol 0, meaning "nothing", is what really made the system work.

What's in this Chapter

1. Estimating and a number board. Children estimate oranges, bangles, laddoos, barfi, bindis and bananas, and fill missing numbers on a snakes-and-ladders board up to 100.

2. What is 100? The Talking Pot always says one more: say 42, Pot says 43; say 99, Pot says 100.

  • 10 bundles of 10 sticks = 100 sticks
  • 10 packets of 10 bindis = 100
  • 100 runs in cricket = a century
  • 3. Making 100. Number sentences like 70 and 30 makes 100. Bholu makes 100 by jumping to 65 and then 35 more on a number line. Children make 100 with matchstick bundles and a ginladi (bead string), and fill flower petals that add up to 100.

    4. Numbers beyond 100. "100 and 1 makes 101 (One Hundred One)", up to 110, then 123 as 1 hundred, 2 tens and 3 ones. Children place numbers on number lines up to 150.

    5. Clap, Snap and Pat game. One clap = 100, one snap = 10, one pat = 1. Clap, snap-snap, pat-pat-pat = 123.

    6. Counting to 200. 150 = "One hundred and fifty". The table continues to 200, and 200 is shown on a number line as 150 + 50 and 140 + 60.

    7. Jumping game. Jumps of 5 and of 20 on number lines; 1 less and 1 more (1 less than 160 is 159, 1 more is 161).

    Key Ideas

  • Our number system uses only ten digits, and 0 is very important.
  • 100 = 10 tens. Numbers after 100 are "100 and some more".
  • A 3-digit number shows hundreds, tens and ones (123 = 1 hundred, 2 tens, 3 ones).
  • The same number can be made in many ways (100 = 70 + 30 = 65 + 35).
  • Activities from the Book

  • Estimate, then count, the matchsticks in a full box, and how many boxes make about 100.
  • Estimate a handful of seeds; how many handfuls make about 100 or 200?
  • Show numbers with matchstick bundles and loose sticks.
  • Mark 125 with an arrow, 112 with a tree, 149 with a smiley and 137 with a cross on a number line.
  • Words to Learn

  • Century: 100 (शतक / सौ)
  • Double century: 200 (दोहरा शतक)
  • Estimate: a sensible guess (अनुमान)
  • Bundle: a group tied together (गट्ठर)
  • Loose sticks: sticks not in a bundle (खुली तीलियाँ)
  • Number line: numbers placed in order on a line (संख्या रेखा)
  • Ginladi: bead string for counting (गिनतारा)
  • Digit: one of the symbols 0-9 (अंक)
  • Tips for Parents & Teachers

  • Tie 10 sticks with a rubber band to make tens; ten tens make a hundred bundle.
  • Play Clap-Snap-Pat at home.
  • Ask children to estimate before counting, then compare.
  • Common Mistakes

  • Writing "one hundred twenty three" as 10023. It is 123.
  • Forgetting 0 as a placeholder: 104 is not 14.
  • Jumping unequal steps on the number line when told to jump by 5 or 20.
  • 💡 Key Learning Points

    • ✓Ancient Indians invented writing all numbers with ten symbols 0-9; zero made it work.
    • ✓100 is 10 bundles of 10; numbers beyond 100 are 100 and some more.
    • ✓3-digit numbers can be shown with hundreds, tens and ones (bundles and loose sticks).
    • ✓The same number can be made in many ways, e.g. 100 = 70 + 30 = 65 + 35.
    • ✓Numbers up to 200 can be placed, compared and counted on a number line.

    👨‍🏫 Teaching Tips

    • →Tell the Story of Our Numbers and let children draw marks as early people did.
    • →Use real matchstick bundles and a ginladi for making 100.
    • →Play the Talking Pot game in pairs: one says a number, the other says one more.
    • →Play Clap, Snap and Pat in two teams.
    • →Do the seed estimation activity and compare guesses with actual counts.
    • →Draw a big number line on the floor for jumps of 5 and 20.
    • →Link 'century' to cricket to make 100 memorable.

    📋 Assessment Questions

    1. Can the child say one more / one less than any number up to 200?
    2. Can the child show a number like 145 with bundles and loose sticks?
    3. Can the child find pairs that make 100?
    4. Can the child place numbers such as 125 and 149 on a number line?